We pay our respect to their Elders past and present and extend that respect to all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples today. We will read, among others, selected papers by Carnap, Hempel, Quine, Goodman, Kuhn, Elgin, Hacking, Misak, Putnam, Rorty, and Haack. That would be really worrisome. The issue of prediction was also raised by economist Donald McCloskey who, in 1988, asked his fellow economists, "If you're so smart, why ain't you rich?" Our subjects will include hate speech, press censorship, pornography, controversial art, sacrilegious speech and campus controversies. Student interest will be taken into consideration in deciding what additional topics to cover. This course is an intensive, line-by-line study of the Investigations--one of the greatest (and thus, one of the most controversial) books in the history of philosophy. Along the way, we will need to come to grips with the following surprising fact. In this tutorial, we will investigate the nature of skepticism and the varieties of relativism it encourages. the Enlightenment . [more], In this course we will examine traditional philosophical approaches to understanding death and related concepts, with a special focus on the ethical concerns surrounding death and care for the dying. Is democratic rule always best? View Phil Walsh's email address (p*****@kw***.com) and phone number. in conflict. Yet, other lesser known experiments are equally important landmarks in research ethics, as well, such as the Willowbrook experiment, in which residents of a state home for mentally impaired children were intentionally infected with a virus that causes hepatitis, and the Kennedy-Krieger Lead Abatement study, which tested the efficacy of a new lead paint removal procedure by housing young children in partially decontaminated homes and testing those children for lead exposure. Throughout the course, our focus will be on the best theoretical and practical knowledge we now have to diagnose, explain, and alleviate mental illness. For that matter, what are logical theorems even about? Our main goal will be to prove things about this logical system rather than to use this system to think about ordinary language arguments. and keto reduced-sugar products has been linked to blood clotting, stroke, heart attack and death, according to a new study. Must they inhere in substances? While he never wrote any philosophical works of his own, Socrates is one of the most influential thinkers in the western tradition. Why should one obey the law (if one should)? Some of the questions we will ask are: What is the nature of filmic representation? In this course we address key themes and figures from two of the most influential movements in twentieth century European philosophy, namely, existentialism and phenomenology, a philosophical approach to which existentialism is indebted. How is political power generated and exercised? In this course we will engage ethical questions surrounding the seeming inevitability of AI. In this tutorial we will read from Ancient, modern and contemporary philosophical sources as well several relevant studies in the social sciences and positive psychology movement in order to engage questions concerning happiness. [more], In this course we will study Aristotle's Metaphysics concentrating of books gamma-theta. This course will introduce students to fundamental concepts, methods, and issues in environmental ethics. Black Marxism: Political Theory and Anti-Colonialism, What Philosophy Is: It's Methods, Aims and Values. claimed it offended Christians, and the Cincinnati Contemporary Arts Center was prosecuted for exhibiting allegedly obscene photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe. What role do emotional, irrational or unconscious forces play? Aristotle expresses in these books were instrumental in setting an intellectual agenda that dominated western thought through the Middle Ages and provided the backdrop against which the modern philosophical tradition arose. What kind of work is that, and how is it accomplished? [more], Political liberalism has been both celebrated and lamented. Rings of harmony surround you. modernity and of politics offered by such thinkers as Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Marx, Mill, and Freud. In a. move calling on those both within and outside of Europe to challenge the coloniality of the age and to forge a new vision of politics in the postcolonial period. Students who have take PHIL 203 will have a good background for this class, but students who are generally comfortable with formal systems need not have taken PHIL 203. Some critics find predictive failures of economists unsurprising, given the frequent reliance of the latter on assumptions known to be false (e.g., that economic agents are always selfish, have perfect information, and never make mistakes) and on models that unavoidably ignore potentially relevant factors. We will begin the course by looking at Hume's and Kant's discussion of causation. Much of the moral philosophy produced in Greece and Rome remains as relevant today as when it was written. In this course we will seek to comprehend the dimensions in which Existentialism is a distinctive intellectual tradition. It will be very helpful, though not absolutely necessary, for you to have some familiarity with logic and some experience in reading philosophy. We will then turn to several of Plato's dialogues, examining Plato's portrayal of Socrates and his development of a new and profoundly powerful philosophical conception. "The Makropulos Case: Reflections on the Tedium of Immortality." In Language, Metaphysics, and Death. In this way, we come to appreciate the importance of considering the biology on which mental processes are based and the light that this approach throws on the nature of consciousness. We will read Adam Smith and Karl Marx on capitalism, Simone de Beauvoir on gender, and Charles Mills on race. Police believe Cy argued with his father around 2am on Friday at their beachside suburban Adelaide home. The theoretical aspect of the course will involve close readings of selected articles in contemporary aesthetics, philosophy of literature and philosophy of film. What is knowledge (as opposed to mere opinion)? One must grasp the meanings of the various parts of the sentence. Rather than seeing philosophy as an esoteric discipline, the pragmatic philosophers (with the possible exception of Peirce) see philosophy as integral to our culture and see themselves as public intellectuals. What is the mind? Now, ask yourself: who shaves the barber? Do our beliefs have their meanings one-by-one? Some of the questions that we will discuss are: What is psychopathology and what are its causes? What is the mind? Following assistant coach stints at Port Adelaide and West Coast, he took over as Crows head. What is the proper 'geography'--classification and analysis--of our emotions, and what is their relation to our somatic states, feelings, beliefs, judgments, evaluations and actions? We will also study contemporary philosophers who have written on education, such as Martha Nussbaum and Cornel West. With few exceptions, thoroughgoing skepticism and relativism have not been the prevailing views of the greatest minds in the history of philosophy. Finally, we will analyze the current debate about cognitive credentials of science and about proper approaches to the study of science, which came to be known as "the science wars.". Secondly, we will try to make sense of the moral dimensions of our relationship to animals. Ninah T. Pretto. In addition to key concepts of death, dying, and terminal illness, we will develop and refine notions of medical futility, paternalism and autonomy, particularly within the context of advance directives and surrogate decision making. To notify Williams of alumni deaths, please email, Experiential Learning & Community Engagement. influences? Logic is sometimes called the study of reason. The first portion of the course will be devoted to considering general theories of justice as well as alternative conceptions of justice specifically within the health care context. We will then turn to several of Plato's dialogues, examining Plato's portrayal of Socrates and his development of a new and profoundly powerful philosophical conception. justice or passionate commitment and curiosity) over happiness? Wittgenstein's two masterpieces, the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and the Philosophical Investigations, stand like opposing poles around which schools of twentieth-century analytic philosophy revolve. But when does a choice qualify as free? The seminar will be structured around a close, critically engaged reading of the Confessions (in English translation) and will give attention to its historical context and significance as well as to its philosophical and theological ideas. Williams relatives. [more], Much like the construction of medical knowledge itself, it is from specific cases that general principles of biomedical ethics arise and are systematized into a theoretical framework, and it is to cases they must return, if they are to be both useful and comprehensible to those making decisions within the biomedical context. He hoped it would occasion a public debate between Locke and himself, and prompt the intellectual community to decide, once and for all, between Empiricism and Rationalism, Realism and Idealism, and on related issues concerning the mind, language, truth, God, natural kinds, causation, and freedom. What is the basis on which current psychiatric diagnostic manuals are organized? Each identified the limits, whether historical or innate, of our human capacity to know ourselves and our world, and to live harmoniously with others. We will analyze and discuss various accounts of scientific method, structure and justification of scientific theories, scientific choice, change, and the idea that scientific knowledge is progressive in a cumulative way. This first-year seminar will examine the philosophy of education through educational autobiographies: works that tell the story of a moral and intellectual education. And what present practices and ways of thinking and knowing might be questioned using Foucault's tools, genealogy in particular, for resisting unnecessary constraints on freedom and the perpetuation of unnecessary suffering? What differentiates today from yesterday? Topics will range from consideration of "mundane" technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), prenatal genetic screening and testing, and surrogacy, to the more extraordinary, possibly including pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), post-menopausal reproduction, and post-mortem gamete procurement. We coordinate our lives through sounds from mouths, signs from hands, and squiggles on paper because somehow sounds, signs, and squiggles have meanings. Cognitive science synthesizes research from cognitive psychology, computer science, linguistics, neuroscience, and contemporary philosophy. Taking this as our starting point, in this course we will examine a number of conceptual and ethical issues in the use and development of technologies related to human reproduction, drawing out their implications for such core concepts as "motherhood" and "parenthood," family and genetic relatedness, exploitation and commodification, and reproductive rights and society's interests in reproductive activities. Among other things, these critics challenged Rawls' interpretation and defense of the social contract framework, the ideals of freedom and equality, the content of principles of justice, political neutrality about the good, the nature of the self, the division between public and private spheres, and the distinction between ideal and non-ideal theory. Some philosophers have wondered, however, whether the notion of an alternative logic is even coherent. Topics to be considered include the nature of freedom (both individual and social), the master/slave dialectic and subject constitution, self-consciousness and double consciousness, the stages of history, and racial capitalism, Topics in Critical Theory: Subjection, Power, Freedom. Yet what is it to be happy? How can we ensure that AI's will act morally? How do we create legal and policy frameworks that cover a new kind of thinking being? Is relativism a form of skepticism? [more], Although Kant initially planned for his magnum opus to comprise theoretical and practical chapters, his metaphysics and epistemology take up all of his Critique of Pure Reason while his ethics is spread out over a series of works--Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Critique of Practical Reason, Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason, and The Metaphysics of Morals. What are the limits of language? [more], Freedom is widely held as one of our fundamental values. And, it's not merely that their answer invokes our freedom to determine our own identities. In this tutorial we will exploit this characteristic of biomedical ethics by using a case-based approach to examining core concepts of the field. Near the end of the semester, we'll also examine some evolutionary explanations of religious belief. "Our industry is grieving today, and we send our love and support to the Walsh family, the Crows staff and players, Phil's wider circle of friends, the other clubs he worked with, and his many colleagues across the AFL," he said. The debate between Realism and Idealism concerns whether reality is composed of mind-independent matter, or mind-like substances. Of course, this question cannot really be answered, nor is there any value in trying to answer it, and any "answer" will only be "true" for you. Other philosophers and literary theorists have used some of their ideas recently to throw light on the nature of textual meaning and the interpretation of literary texts. In this way, we develop a rich array of analytical tools and observational practices to further our understanding of the mind. More than this, Existentialists emphasize the subjective relation we bear to our belief systems, moral codes, and personal identities. God bless you! In this tutorial we address some (certainly only some) of the current debates in critical and ethical theory that have been fueled by Nietzsche's work. Walsh, 55, died from multiple stab wounds at the scene despite attempts by ambulance officers to revive him.His son was arrested after police were called to a domestic dispute at the home in Somerton Park at 2am ACST on Friday. A hub of student life at Williams, Paresky houses Baxter Great Hall (seen here), four dining options, meeting rooms and study spaces, pool and foosball tables, an auditorium, and the student mailroom. Whether this is hyperbole or wise prognostication, it cannot be denied that the rise of AI will be a tectonic shift for culture, technology, and our fundamental sense of ourselves. Reasoning and Inference: The Philosophy of Logic, and thinking within formal systems and how to prove various things within these systems. [more], Our goal will be to determine how far reason can justify belief in God. The aim of this course is to explore and evaluate a number of rival conceptions of persons and personal identity over time. [more], We speak as if moral judgments can be true or false, warranted or unwarranted. If there aren't such things, how do we characterize meaningfulness instead? For each argument, we will first look at historically important formulations and then turn to contemporary reformulations. We will read the Oresteia and Prometheus Bound by Aeschylus, Sophocles' Theban Cycle, and the Hippolytus, Bacchae and Philoctetes by Euripides. When AI is fully realized, it is likely to be amongst the most important things to happen to our species. in environmental ethics. Is relativism a form of skepticism? Our study will definitely include Frege, Russell, Quine, Searle, and Kripke. We will focus on particular topics, examples of which are the following: normative critique, capitalism, authoritarianism, mass culture, enlightenment and reason, progress, violence, the domination of nature, white supremacy, patriarchy and colonialism. [more], If we think of Michel Foucault as engaged in writing histories, or genealogies, of his own present designed to undercut the sense of the obviousness of certain practices and ways of thinking, categorizing, and knowing, we can easily imagine that he might now be questioning different aspects of our contemporary "present" than the ones standardly associated with his name, namely, panopticons and surveillance, discipline, criminalization, the biopolitics of health, the normal and the abnormal, etc. While answers to such questions are implicit in historically important accounts of morality, these issues became the topic of explicit, sustained debate in the twentieth and twenty-first century. Our aim is to enrich our understanding of the discipline in order to evaluate its value and limitations. While students will not regularly be required to read the latter, any who want to pursue this legacy will be supported in doing so.) Against the first, people often don't seem to reason very well. The son of former Adelaide Crows coach Phil Walsh has been granted unsupervised day leave from the mental health facility where he lives. Starting with early film theorists (such as Munsterberg, Arnheim, Bazin, and Soviet formalists), we will examine how their insights and disagreements influenced later developments in continental and analytic philosophy of film, and in film theory. It is a paradox, because I started with seemingly true statements and used valid reasoning to arrive at contradictory conclusions. How does film generate meaning? Other questions are pressing and immediate: Artificial intelligence techniques are used today to help decide whether someone gets a bank loan, is eligible to be released on bail, or in need of particular medical treatment. Our aim will be to identify and evaluate the strongest version of each argument. Consequently, many philosophers deeply influenced by pragmatism do not recognize the fact, while, on the other hand, some self-proclaimed pragmatists of our days can hardly be seen as continuing the tradition to which they pledge allegiance. It is at the same time the most intimately known fact of our humanity and science's most elusive puzzle. We will then examine how these notions may be exploited in the consideration of various long-standing issues in the theory of literary interpretation. Some of the questions we will consider are: Are moral standards relative to cultural frameworks? At least, let's assume that you are for the sake of argument. We will examine several different approaches in depth, including realism, constructivism, expressivism, and skepticism. Does it matter who is offended? No domain of inquiry is immune to this destructive skepticism and confident relativism. When, if ever, is paternalistic interference by the state into the lives of its citizens justified? We use language to communicate meanings in order to accomplish a variety of goals: to convey information, make requests, establish rules, utilize power, issue protests, and much more. Does free inquiry clash with concern for others, or do they (or can they) work together? Why then should we spend our time studying people who in addition to having these surprising beliefs have been dead for 2500 years? How should moral equality be understood, and what is its foundation? How do logic and language relate? Of course, this question cannot really be answered, nor is there any value in trying to answer it, and any "answer" will only be "true" for you. [more], What ethical standards should guide our individual and societal choices when those choices affect current and future environmental conditions? Among the questions that we will address: What is justice? Could we (individually and socially) educate and cultivate them? We will begin with questions about how to define death, as well as reflections on its meaning and function in human life. And, Existentialists express their thought in philosophical treatises as often as in literary works. This course will offer a selective overview of the debates that characterized philosophy of film since the early 20th century. Love it or hate it, you cannot ignore it. Of particular interest will be how language can be used to establish, reinforce, and resist power relationships involving race and gender. More particularly, it concerns itself with the difference between good and bad reasoning, between strong and weak arguments. As we proceed through the course, we will look at the way in which each thinker characterizes happiness, virtue and the relation between the two. What, you may ask, is the philosophy of logic? In this tutorial, will read works in critical theory from the 18th century to the present, some from the Frankfurt tradition, and some not. In the first part of the course, we will read Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations, one of the greatest books ever written. Although it has influenced both analytic and continental philosophy, pragmatism is a powerful third philosophical movement. The picture that we find in the works of the tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides is markedly different. If time permits, we'll also look briefly at some recent post-Rawlsian debates about the nature of distributive justice (e.g., luck vs. relational egalitarianism, or global justice). In pursuing the answers to these questions, we will discuss both classic and contemporary theories from philosophy and linguistics. Unsurprisingly, philosophers have proffered a variety of answers to these questions, prompting one philosopher to remark, half-jokingly, that "there are as many definitions of philosophy as there are philosophers." Or are some of our beliefs true in virtue of their meanings alone? Our seminar will have two aims: (1) to reconstruct the single most compelling moral theory from Kant's various ethical writings, and (2) to trace the influence of Kant's ethics in contemporary philosophy. Is rationality relative to cultural norms? Dean's Office. The abstract philosophical question before us is. How do our thoughts refer to objects? While you're debating whether to take this class, consider the following puzzle. Do particular case histories offer good explanations of psychopathology? Are we legitimately bound by a social contract? I don't know how exactly how many grains of sand are in this heap, but let's say 100,000. Do we have any control over our emotions? the cosmos. those issues in and of themselves, and to consider the ways in which selected classical and contemporary moral theories characterize and address those moral dimensions. Science is only "true" for some people, agnosticism is the only alternative to foolish superstition, and moral relativism and, consequently, nihilism are obvious. We ordinarily claim that sentences are true or false, but are there other entities whose truth and falsity explains the truth and falsity of sentences? What are space and time? We will look at civil disobedience and theories of legal interpretation. We will focus our study on Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit and Marx's early writings. We will, undoubtedly, have to adjust the syllabus to respond to breaking international, national and local news. Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Marx, J.S. Do we have any control over our emotions? We will closely analyze classical arguments by Augustine, Avicenna, Aquinas, Anselm, Maimonides, Descartes, and others. Understood in this way, critical theory is identified closely with the intellectual tradition of the Frankfurt School. The tragedians emphasize the ways in which the cosmos and our role in it resists any attempt to be understood, and emphasize the ways in which the success or failure of our lives often turns on things completely beyond our control. These affect not only our particular choices but also, more fundamentally, who we are and what we value. Students should be aware that, in the classic tradition, this class resembles a logic course. Is there a room for the notion of collective intention in filmmaking? To explore and evaluate the strongest version of each argument selective overview of sentence. 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