(2009 est.) South of Sarapion, Nikon, the Pyralaae Islands, and the island of Diorux (about whose precise location only speculation seems possible), the chief town was Rhapta, which may lie buried in the Rufiji delta of present-day Tanzania. In fact, a 2015 study published in Geophysical Research Letters showed that by closely watching these tropical disturbances off the coast of western Africa, researchers . Along the coasts, you can find dugongs, whale sharks, dolphins, whales, and five species of marine turtles. East Africa's Coral Refuge is a critical source of food and livelihoods for people all across Kenya and Tanzania. traverses the expanses of the Southern Ocean south of Africa, south of Australia, and the south Pacific. [79], According to the CIA, as of 2017, the countries in the eastern Africa region have a total population of around 537.9 million inhabitants.[80]. WMAs create opportunities for wildlife tourism, which directly benefits local communities through jobs and revenue. Foreigners operate large-scale industrial fisheries along the coast, exporting most of the catch. Sailors and Daughters reveals the expansive maritime societies of Zanzibar, the east African coast, and beyond. At altitudes of above 2,500 metres (8,202ft), frosts are common during the dry season and maxima typically about 21C (70F) or less. Best Answer. Burundi, Rwanda, and Uganda have each faced instability and ethnic conflict since independence, most notably the 1994 Rwandan genocide and the 1993 Burundi genocide and subsequent Burundian Civil War. The health of stocks is wavering, particularly for tunas such as yellowfin and bigeye. Eastern Africa region The Nairobi Convention A: Overview The Western Indian Ocean region is characterised by high biodiversity, both in terms of species and ecosystems, with a young and growing human population, especially in coastal urban centres. Chili bombs, a mixture of dried elephant dung and hot chili, are placed in crop fields to keep elephants away because they do not like the smell of chili. Arab governance of all the major ports along the Swahili coast continued until British interests aimed particularly at ending the slave trade and creation of a wage-labour system began to put pressure on Omani rule. This Bantu expansion introduced agriculture into much of the African Great Lakes region. The spread of ironworking and the Bantu migrations, The chieftainships of the southern savanna, https://www.britannica.com/place/eastern-Africa. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Elephants, rhinos, lions, wild dogs, and more iconic species roam the landscape. The rare and protected tiger rockcod at Rocktail Bay, iSimangaliso Marine Park, South Africa Peet J. van Eeden (Photographer of the Year 2018 entrant), The tiger rock cod is a rare saltwater fish species. Climate change is expected to intensify these and other problems. The Afar are found in both Eritrea and Djibouti. Born out of wedlock . Rwanda and Uganda continue to be involved in related conflicts outside the region. Author: George McCall Theal Source: Wikimedia Commons License: Public Domain Once implemented, the law will save the lives of up to 5,000 marine turtles per year and allow Mozambican fishers to sell their shrimp to the U.S. market. Casson, Lionel (1989). [70] In 1922, the British gained a League of Nations mandate over Tanganyika which it administered until Independence was granted to Tanganyika in 1961. WWF supports the rangers who patrol protected areas in Tanzania and Mozambique. This . At about 30.3 million km 2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surface area. The state also established its hegemony over the declining Kingdom of Kush and regularly entered the politics of the kingdoms on the Arabian peninsula, eventually extending its rule over the region with the conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom. [71], There are movies that have depicted East Africa in various forms. Seyyid said later introduced copper and silver coins. Elephants, rhinos, lions, wild dogs, and more iconic species roam the landscape. East Africa & Indian Ocean cruises. As the island is ring-fenced by one of the largest unbroken barrier reefs in the world, scuba diving here is a magical experience. Should we carry along the same path, its estimated that there will be no fish left in the ocean by 2050. Sunday 6 October 2002. Wildlife crime networks are using more sophisticated weapons and techniques to obtain ivory, such as automatic rifles and helicopters. Like their predecessors, the Omani Arabs were primarily able only to control the coastal areas, not the interior. 12. Aiming to reduce illegal activities, WWF helped the governments of Tanzania and Mozambique agree to work cooperatively on improving forest management. At Lake Malawi, they finally met the recently created British Protectorate of Nyasaland (nowadays Malawi), which surrounded the homonymous lake on three sides, leaving the Portuguese the control of lake's eastern coast. The Kiunga Marine National Reserve in Kenya supports the world's largest breeding colony of roseate terns. In 1895, from bases in Somalia and Eritrea, the Italians launched the First ItaloEthiopian War against the Orthodox Empire of Ethiopia. Today, tourism is an important part of the economies of Kenya, Tanzania, Seychelles, and Uganda. A much more vigorous resistance was offered by the Moors of Mombasa. In southwest Africa, the plains and plateaus of Namibia are found . In: The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire. Home to some of the most spectacular and treasured life, the oceans and seas surrounding Africa contain a multitude of creatures that thrive in the warm and cold currents that run along our continent. Through our involvement in the creation of local fishing associations, fishermen are recruited to monitor bycatch of turtles and dugongs and provide us with important data on population trends. With 1.4 billion people as of 2021, it accounts for about 18% of the world's human population.Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the . ceo@africageographic.com, Travel & conservation company, since 1991, , Photographer of the Year 2023 Weekly Selection: Week 3, Photographer of the Year 2023 Weekly Selection: Week 2. Overfishingfor local consumption and export to commercial marketsposes a major threat to the region. WWF and 1986 Panda Symbol are owned by WWF. The water temperature right now is at least 32F and at most 85F. 10. Coverage of the regions physical and human geography can be found in the article Africa. The equator runs through Africa, from Gabon in the west to Somalia in the east, and nearly splits the continent into two equal parts. Tanzania has known stable government since independence although there are significant political and religious tensions resulting from the political union between Tanganyika and Zanzibar in 1964. One particularly powerful western boundary current is the Gulf Stream. WWF works with communities to identify vulnerabilities to climate change, and help them develop strategies to adapt and increase their resilience. Just off the coast of Kenya, it's a peaceful island, free of cars and surrounded by the Indian Ocean. Workers pulling onions by the Mbarali River, Tanzania. The eastern coast of Africa looks out over the Indian Ocean, which, though vast, is comparatively easily navigated. 01 of 12 Mnemba Island, Tanzania TripSavvy / Christopher Larson Address andBeyond Mnemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania Phone +27 11 809 4300 Web Visit website Located off the north coast of Tanzania, Mnemba is a private Indian Ocean island and part of the historic Zanzibar Archipelago. So vast that it's not known as the 'East Coast', the way the West Coast is known as the 'West Coast' - probably because the Eastern Cape makes up such a large portion of it, leading to confusion. Its here, in the deep, pelagic waters, where blue sharks (Prionace glauca) call it home. The largest ethnic groups in eastern Africa are the Oromo, Cushitic speakers who occupy much of southern Ethiopia, and the related Somali, who occupy all of Somalia, southeastern Ethiopia, and much of Djibouti. The east coast of South Africa has a generally well-defined and narrow continental shelf area. In the Horn of Africa and Nile Valley, Afroasiatic languages predominate, including languages of the family's Cushitic (such as Beja, Oromo and Somali), Semitic (such as Amharic, Arabic and Tigrinya), and Omotic (such as Wolaytta) branches. However, politics have been turbulent at times, including the attempted coup d'tat in 1982 and the 2007 election riots. A man exercises on an unseasonably warm December day in New York City. Over several centuries countless East Africans were sold as slaves by Muslim Arabs to the Middle East and other places via the Sahara desert and Indian Ocean. Apparently established in the 9th century, it is distinguished for its seawalls of coral blocks, each of which weighs up to a ton. , whales, and five species of marine turtles, wwf helped the governments of Tanzania and Mozambique easily. 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